Piopiunik, Marc; Schwerdt, Guido; Woessmann, Ludger - 2021
subsequent earnings. We suggest that labor-market effects may be more imminent for students leaving school directly for the labor … market and, on rigid labor markets, for unemployment. Exploiting variation in exit-exam systems across German states, we find … that central exams are indeed associated with higher earnings for students from school types directly bound for the labor …